The Indian Supreme Court has delivered several landmark judgments that have had a significant impact on Indian society, politics, and law. Some of the most important landmark cases are:

Kesavananda Bharati case (1973): This case established the doctrine of the basic structure of the Constitution, which held that certain fundamental features of the Constitution are inviolable and cannot be amended by the Parliament.

ADM Jabalpur case (1976): This case upheld the power of the government to detain individuals during a state of emergency, even if such detention violated their fundamental rights. The judgment was widely criticized and later overruled.

Maneka Gandhi case (1978): This case expanded the scope of the right to personal liberty and held that such right could not be suspended except in accordance with the law.

Minerva Mills case (1980): This case struck down certain provisions of the Constitution (42nd Amendment) that sought to restrict judicial review and reinforce the power of the Parliament.

Vishakha case (1997): This case laid down guidelines for preventing sexual harassment in the workplace and provided a framework for the protection of women’s rights.

Indira Gandhi case (1975): This case declared the imposition of emergency by the then Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi, as unconstitutional and a threat to democracy.

Golaknath case (1967): This case held that Parliament’s power to amend the Constitution did not extend to amending the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution.

Olga Tellis case (1985): This case dealt with the issue of the right to livelihood and held that the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution includes the right to livelihood.

SR Bommai case (1994): This case dealt with the issue of the dismissal of state governments by the central government and held that such dismissal must be based on constitutionally valid grounds.

Navtej Singh Johar case (2018): This case struck down Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, which criminalized consensual same-sex relations, as unconstitutional and a violation of the right to equality and privacy.